| A recent analysis of data indicates that vitamin A | | | | the sclera. Trachoma is contagious. It is spread by |
| deficiency is the leading cause of childhood | | | | flies and contact with towels and other articles |
| blindness. It was estimated that 70% of the | | | | that have been used by people who have the |
| 500,000 children who become blind annually do so | | | | disease. Physicians can cure the disease in the |
| because of xerophthalmia. This corresponds to a | | | | early stages by using medicines. |
| prevalence of roughly 1 million in view of the high | | | | There are different causes of change blindness. |
| mortality among affected children. | | | | According to scientists, change blindness can |
| Hemianopsia can result when a hemorrhagic, | | | | happen as a result of disturbance or disruption in |
| thrombotic, or embolic stroke affects part of the | | | | visual continuity. This disruption can be either due |
| optic pathway Associated signs and symptoms | | | | to eye saccade, an eyelid flicker, an eye blink, a |
| vary according to the location and size of the | | | | shift of the picture or even a film cut in case of a |
| stroke, but may include a decreased LOC; | | | | motion picture. In order to differentiate changes in |
| intellectual deficits, such as memory loss and poor | | | | the vision, it is important that there is effective |
| judgment; personality changes; emotional lability; a | | | | coordination between the eye and the brain |
| headache; and seizures The patient may also | | | | where one image is compared with another image |
| develop contralateral hemiplegia, dysarthria, | | | | that already exists in the memory. |
| dysphagia, ataxia, a unilateral sensory loss, | | | | Diseases: These are the leading cause of blindness. |
| apraxia, agnosia, aphasia, blurred vision, decreased | | | | There are a variety of diseases that lead to |
| visual acuity, and diplopia | | | | blindness. Popular among these glaucoma, |
| The link between poverty and treatable visual | | | | trachoma, cataracts, uveitis and diabetic |
| impairment is most obvious when conducting | | | | retinopathy. While in some cases blindness occurs |
| regional comparisons of cause. Most adult visual | | | | as a result of a parasitic infection in the eye, in |
| impairment in North America and Western Europe | | | | others it occurs as a result of malnutrition. |
| is related to age-related macular degeneration and | | | | Blindness due to vitamin A deficiency is common |
| diabetic retinopathy. While both of these conditions | | | | in most of the developing and under-developed |
| are subject to treatment, neither can be cured. | | | | countries. |
| Another common cause is retinopathy of | | | | Glaucoma generally affects older people. This |
| prematurity. In developing countries, wherein | | | | happens when fluids in the eye build up and cause |
| people have shorter life expectancies, cataracts | | | | too much pressure in the eye, damaging |
| and water-borne parasites—both of which can | | | | important nerves, etc.. To know what a person |
| be treated effectively—are most often the | | | | feels like with glaucoma, think of how your eyes |
| culprits (see River blindness, for example). Of the | | | | feel after coming out of a swimming pool with a |
| estimated 40 million blind people located around | | | | lot of chlorine in it. (This does not cause glaucoma, |
| the world, 70–80% can have some or all of | | | | but makes the eyes feel as a person does with |
| their sight restored through treatment. | | | | glaucoma)This disease can be prevented and eye |
| Another disease is called Trachoma. | | | | doctors almost always check for glaucoma when |
| Trachoma is caused by a virus that affects the | | | | a patient has an eye exam. If the person who |
| cornea and the conjunctiva or lining of the eyelid. | | | | has glaucoma doesn't take the appropriate |
| The white part of the eye is called the sclera, and | | | | medicine for the condition, they can lose their |
| the colored part is the iris. The conjunctiva covers | | | | eyesight. |