Tests and Treatment for Hyperactive Thyroid Gland

Since the hormones of the thyroid gland, i.e. T 4therapy, one has to regularly watch the activity
and T 3 are increased in the blood, a bloodof the thyroid gland, because it is a disease in
analysis of the patient for estimation of thesewhich both natural remissions and relapses may
hormones, will make clear the diagnosis. However,occur from time to time. Hence, such patients will
for a screening programme for detecting theneed lifelong care.
occult/ hidden cases of hyperthyroidism,After initial therapy, the patient may be put on a
estimation of the serum free T4 ideal, since T4 ismaintenance dose of antithyroid drugs. As the
the major hormone of the thyroid.drug shows its effect, T4 and T3 will return to
All thyroid function tests, like T4 and T3 must bethe normal level, and the size of the thyroid gland
interpreted with care. The levels of variousmay also decrease. However, at any time, thyroid
thyroid function tests may be altereci in patientsactivity may become low (hypothyroidism), even
who are on drugs like salicylates, propranolol (onewhen the patient is on a maintenance dose of the
of the antihypertensive drugs), glucocorticoids.antithyroid drug, as he may get natural remission.
Other conditions in which thyroid function testsTherefore, T4 and T3 may have to be repeated
may be changed are in the case of patients whofrequently, when the clinical picture so warrants.
are taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Further, the patient may even get a natural
Or, in whom contrast media have been used forrelapse of overactivity of the thyroid gland, while
imaging studies, or in the cases of severe/still on the maintenance dose of antithyroid drugs,
recurrent vomiting during the period of pregnancy,and in such cases T3 (rather early) and T4 will
although in such conditions, the effect is onlyrise, and will give the true status of the thyroid
transitory.gland. Hence it is clear that thyroid function tests
Further, in cases which are acutely serious, as amust be carried out from time to time so that
result of some disease, or in the case of patientsthe function of the thyroid gland is perfectly
who are suffering from severe mental/psychiatricmaintained, and the patient lives a normal,
disorders, thyroid function tests have to be readsatisfactory life.
with caution.Radio-iodine or even surgery may be considered
Treatment of a hyperactive thyroid glandnecessary in some of the cases.
Overactivity of the thyroid gland as a result ofIn the case of solitary nodule/s responsible for
Graves' disease can be successfully brought downthe overactivity of the thyroid gland, after
to normal levels by the use of various antithyroidcontrolling the elevated activity of the gland with
drugs, and the one commonly used isan antithyroid drug, these may be removed
neomercazole (carbimazole). While on antithyroidsurgically for a lasting cure of the disease.